A Family Archive · Cape Town · The Western Front · Rhodesia

Bernard Meredith Leffler

Leffler Stories

Past and Present for the Future

My tale of hard living, of love and war, of storm and sunshine, of ships and cattle and sheep and horses and of men who row and sail and fight. — Bernard Meredith Leffler, 1890–1951

Cape Town · Delville Wood 1916 · Rhodesia · South Africa

The Author

Bernard Meredith Leffler

Bernard Meredith Leffler was born in 1890 in Cape Town, South Africa, into a world of salt water and mountain air. As a boy of fifteen he was already sailing with Danish and Malay fishermen from the boatsheds at Three Anchor Bay, climbing Table Mountain to collect orchids and selling them to the flower sellers on the Cape Town waterfront.

When war came, Bernard enlisted to fight — navigating the complex politics of South African men going to war for the British Empire. He would find himself at Delville Wood in July 1916, one of the most catastrophic engagements of the entire Western Front for South African forces. He was captured. He spent the remainder of the war as a Prisoner of War.

His brother died of Spanish Flu in Brighton in 1918, while Bernard was still a prisoner. He returned to South Africa in 1919 and rebuilt his life — farming in Rhodesia and South Africa, writing for Farmer's Weekly, marrying Margaret Gardner, and raising a family.

He died of pneumonia in 1951, on his son's 21st birthday. He left behind four handwritten notebooks — over 500 pages — and a body of journalism that together constitute one of the most vivid firsthand accounts of South African life from 1890 to 1950.

This site is kept by his granddaughter, Patricia Mary Armstrong, née Leffler.

Born
1890, Cape Town, South Africa
The War
Delville Wood, July 1916 — Prisoner of War until 1918
After the War
Farmer, Rhodesia and South Africa · Writer, Farmer's Weekly
Married
Margaret Gardner Leffler, 1928
The Manuscript
Four handwritten notebooks · 500+ pages · Typed by Margaret
Died
1951, pneumonia · on his son's 21st birthday
From Boatsheds to Battlefields — the bound manuscript

The bound manuscript · Adelaide, South Australia

15 July — 3 September 1916

Delville Wood

"Poor Delville — it was a nice wood." The South African Brigade held Delville Wood for 47 days. Of approximately 3,153 men who entered the wood, only 750 survived. Bernard Meredith Leffler was among them — and was taken prisoner. The pages of his manuscript covering Delville Wood are missing. What remains is an article he wrote for the Johannesburg Star, probably for the opening of the South African Memorial in 1926.

From Boatsheds to Battlefields

The Autobiography

81 chapters, published here from Bernard's original handwritten notebooks and his wife Margaret's typed transcript. The book follows Bernard from Cape Town's fishing boatsheds through the orchid trade on Table Mountain, the Boer War years, the Great War and Delville Wood, prisoner of war camps in Germany and Poland, and finally to life as a farmer in Rhodesia and South Africa.

Editorial Note

The writings published on this site — including From Boatsheds to Battlefields and the Farmer's Weekly articles — were written by Bernard Meredith Leffler and Margaret Gardner Leffler between approximately 1929 and the late 1930s. All language, spelling, grammar, phrasing, and terminology appears as originally written by the authors and must be read and understood in its historical context.

No disrespect nor offence is intended by the publication of this material. The writings reflect the attitudes, language, and conventions of their time and place, and are presented here as a primary historical record.

In From Boatsheds to Battlefields, Bernard Meredith Leffler wrote under the alias Mick Osmond and used fictional names for a number of characters. Unless clearly indicated otherwise, characters in the narrative are fictional and are not intended to represent or create any impression of real persons. Family names and his children's names also appear in the text in a fictional context. Where real historical figures and events are referenced, these are noted accordingly.

81 chapters · 1890–1919

The Archive

Voices from the Farm

After the war, Bernard and Margaret Leffler built a life farming in Rhodesia and South Africa. Both wrote for Farmer's Weekly in the 1930s. Margaret's articles — on poultry, household management, and farm life — are a remarkable document in their own right. She was not a footnote. She was a co-author of the post-war years.

Bernard's Journalism
Farm Management — 1930s South Africa
Farmer's Weekly · c.1931
"Two essentials to successful farm management are trustworthiness and organising ability. It is easy to select and train a Native to become a good stockman or tractor driver..."
The Soldier Returns to What?
c.1919 · Post-war analysis
A remarkable analysis of the post-war economy and the failure of governments to care for returning soldiers and the African workforce. Bernard at his most politically engaged.
Balancing One's Diet
Farmer's Weekly · c.1930
On nutrition, farm life, and practical housekeeping in 1930s South Africa.
Once a Rhodesian, Always a Rhodesian
c.1930s
A meditation on the Rhodesian character and the bonds forged in the frontier years.
Margaret Gardner Leffler
How a Farmer's Wife Built Up a Poultry Business
Farmer's Weekly · 1938
"After a desperate attempt to make Flower Growing and Market Gardening pay, I decided that poultry offered infinitely better opportunities. Unfortunately, there was no capital available to start. A friend let me have ten third-year Leghorns and a rooster on credit and in August 1933 I began."
The Cost of Poultry Farming
Farmer's Weekly · Margaret Leffler
Margaret's detailed account of establishing a working poultry business from nothing — with extraordinary practical intelligence and quiet determination.
Housewives Be Professional
by Margaret MacIntyre · c.1930s
On the economics and professionalism of running a farm household — a sharp, modern argument dressed in 1930s language.
Husband Management
Margaret Leffler
Exactly what it sounds like — and funnier and sharper than you might expect.
"After a desperate attempt to make Flower Growing and Market Gardening pay..."
Margaret Gardner Leffler wrote for Farmer's Weekly from at least 1933. She built a poultry business from ten borrowed hens and a rooster, with no capital, during the Depression. Her writing is precise, practical, and quietly extraordinary. Bernard typed a life in four notebooks. Margaret typed the life that kept the farm running while he did. Both voices belong here.

The Leffler Family

Are You a Leffler?

This site is a gathering point. If you carry the Leffler name, or are descended from Bernard and Margaret, or hold any piece of this story — a photograph, a letter, a memory — we would very much like to hear from you.

What we have

Four handwritten notebooks — over 500 pages in Bernard's hand
Margaret's typed transcript of the autobiography — mostly complete
Original 1931 Farmer's Weekly articles on yellowed typing paper
Family tree letters establishing the Leffler lineage
Bernard's article on Delville Wood, written for the Johannesburg Star
Ancestry research connecting the Leffler, Van Blommenstein, Osmond and MacIntyre lines

What we are looking for

Photographs of Bernard, Margaret, or the family
Letters from the POW years, 1916–1918
Records of Bernard's brother — who died of Spanish Flu in Brighton, 1918
Any Leffler family stories from Rhodesia or South Africa
Connections to the Donald family — Pretoria, c.1912

Get in touch

Are you a Leffler? Do you have a piece of this story? We would love to hear from you.